Emerging Aviation

The Future of Private Flight

Electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft are approaching commercial certification. Five manufacturers are in various stages of regulatory approval to bring electric air taxis and regional shuttles to market. Here is where things stand.

Lilium Jet

Lilium

FAA Certification Pending

The Lilium Jet is a 7-seat electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft designed for regional air mobility. It uses 30 electric jet engines integrated into the wing and canard. Lilium has secured type certification basis with both EASA and the FAA, and is building a manufacturing facility in Gauting, Germany.

Range

186 nm (300 km)

Speed

162 knots (300 km/h)

Passengers

6

Expected

2026-2027

Joby S4

Joby Aviation

FAA Certification In Progress

Joby Aviation is the furthest along in the FAA certification process for an eVTOL aircraft in the United States. The S4 uses six tilting propellers for vertical takeoff and transition to wing-borne flight. Toyota has invested over $700 million in Joby, and the company has partnered with Delta Air Lines for airport-to-city shuttle services.

Range

87 nm (150 km)

Speed

175 knots (200 mph)

Passengers

4

Expected

2025-2026

Archer Midnight

Archer Aviation

FAA Certification In Progress

Archer's Midnight aircraft is designed for urban air mobility on routes of 20-50 miles. The company has partnerships with United Airlines and Stellantis for manufacturing. Archer is focused on initial service in New York, Los Angeles, and Miami — markets where ground transportation congestion makes air mobility economically compelling.

Range

54 nm (100 km)

Speed

130 knots (150 mph)

Passengers

4

Expected

2025-2026

Volocopter VoloCity

Volocopter

EASA Certification In Progress

The VoloCity is a multicopter design from German manufacturer Volocopter. Unlike tilt-rotor designs, the VoloCity uses 18 fixed rotors for vertical flight. It is designed for short urban hops — airport to city center, helipad to helipad. Volocopter is focused on European and Asian markets initially, with Paris (2024 Olympics demo) and Singapore as launch cities.

Range

19 nm (35 km)

Speed

54 knots (100 km/h)

Passengers

2

Expected

2026-2027

Vertical Aerospace VX4

Vertical Aerospace

In Development

The VX4 is a tilt-rotor eVTOL from Bristol-based Vertical Aerospace. The company has pre-orders from American Airlines, Virgin Atlantic, and Avolon. The VX4 is designed for regional routes and airport transfers. Vertical Aerospace has taken a more conservative timeline than some competitors, targeting entry into service in the 2027-2028 window.

Range

87 nm (161 km)

Speed

175 knots (200 mph)

Passengers

4

Expected

2027-2028

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